Selects: How Fireplaces Work | Stuff You Should Know

Intro

In this episode of “Stuff You Should Know,” the hosts, Josh Clark, Charles W. Chuck Bryant, and Jerome, discuss fireplaces just in time for Christmas. They also share updates from their live shows in Boston and Washington, DC.

Main Takeaways

Fireplaces Through History

• The use of fire predates humanity, with Homo erectus being the first to control fire over a million years ago.
• The history of the chimney isn’t super clear, but by the 14th century in Europe, people could afford chimneys.
• Fireplaces have remained relatively unchanged for 700 years, similar to toilet paper.

The Inefficiency and Environmental Impact of Fireplaces

• Ben Franklin was critical of traditional fireplace design, as they are inefficient and can make a room colder.
• A survey by the National Association of Home Builders found that 77% of homebuyers still want fireplaces, even in hot places.
• People are now questioning the environmental impact of using fireplaces, as they are associated with ungreenness and air pollution, affecting people with respiratory diseases.
• House fires and fatalities are also linked to fireplaces.

The Anatomy of a Fireplace

• The hearth is built out of fireproof material like rock or brick and is where the fireplace machine sits.
• The surround, made of the same material as the hearth, prevents fire from leaking out and setting the house on fire.
• The firebox holds the fire and collects smoke, and the transition area between the firebox and the smoke chamber is called the throat.
• The smoke chamber connects the firebox to the flu and has a smoke shelf to prevent rain and particulates from falling into the firebox.
• The damper, a movable covering, separates the firebox from the area above and is closed when the fire is not in use.
• A chimney damper at the top of the flu and a spark arrestor prevent embers from setting the house on fire.
• An ash dump is a hatch in the floor for sweeping ashes, similar to an olden day system for waste disposal.
• The fireplace also has a door, which can be glass, metal, or a screen.

Types of Fireplaces

• Gas fireplaces have come a long way in terms of aesthetics and functionality, with the ability to arrange fake logs in an aesthetically pleasing manner and even simulate a flickering glow resembling embers.
• Gas fireplaces are more efficient than wood-burning ones, as they burn cleanly, give off radiant and convected heat, and draw air from outdoors instead of from inside the room, making them more cost-effective and environmentally friendly.
• However, vent-free gas fireplaces can deplete oxygen or build up moisture in tightly sealed homes, leading to concerns about their safety and environmental impact.
• Ethanol fireplaces are a popular alternative, resembling sterno fireplaces commonly found in hotels, while electric fireplaces are not highly recommended due to their potential drawbacks.

Summary

Fireplaces Through History

Fireplaces have been a part of human civilization for thousands of years. The use of fire predates humanity, with Homo erectus being the first to control fire over a million years ago. By the 14th century in Europe, people could afford chimneys, and fireplaces have remained relatively unchanged for 700 years. Despite their long history, fireplaces are still highly desired by homebuyers.

The Inefficiency and Environmental Impact of Fireplaces

While fireplaces add warmth and ambiance to a home, they are not the most efficient heating source. Ben Franklin was critical of traditional fireplace design, as they are inefficient and can actually make a room colder. Additionally, fireplaces are associated with ungreenness and air pollution, which can affect people with respiratory diseases. House fires and fatalities are also linked to fireplaces. However, despite these risks and environmental concerns, many homeowners still desire wood-burning fireplaces.

The Anatomy of a Fireplace

A fireplace consists of several components that work together to provide warmth and prevent fire hazards. The hearth, made of fireproof material, serves as the base for the fireplace machine. The surround, also made of fireproof material, prevents fire from leaking out. The firebox holds the fire and collects smoke, while the throat connects the firebox to the smoke chamber. The smoke chamber has a smoke shelf to prevent debris from falling into the firebox. The damper separates the firebox from the area above and can be opened or closed. A chimney damper and spark arrestor prevent embers from causing fires, and an ash dump allows for easy ash removal. The fireplace may also have a door, which can be made of glass, metal, or a screen.

Types of Fireplaces

There are various types of fireplaces available, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Gas fireplaces have become more aesthetically pleasing and efficient, offering the ability to arrange fake logs and simulate a flickering glow. They are cleaner-burning and draw air from outside, making them cost-effective and environmentally friendly. However, vent-free gas fireplaces can pose safety and environmental concerns. Ethanol fireplaces resemble sterno fireplaces and are a popular alternative. Electric fireplaces, while emission-free on the user end, still rely on electricity produced by power plants. They are not highly recommended due to potential drawbacks.

Conclusion

Fireplaces have a long history and continue to be desired by many homeowners. However, they come with inefficiencies, environmental concerns, and safety risks. Understanding the anatomy of a fireplace and the different types available can help homeowners make informed decisions. Whether it’s a traditional wood-burning fireplace or a more modern gas or ethanol fireplace, maximizing efficiency and ensuring safety should be top priorities.