Short Stuff: Blueprints | Stuff You Should Know

Intro

In this episode of “Stuff You Should Know,” the hosts delve into the fascinating world of blueprints. They discuss the origins of the color Prussian blue, its use in creating blueprints, and how the process has evolved over time. Join them as they explore the history, science, and modern applications of this iconic shade of blue.

Main Takeaways

Origins and Creation of Prussian Blue

• The color Prussian blue finds its origins in the laboratory of an alchemist and a die maker, Johann Conrad Dippel and Deesbach, who accidentally created it while working on medicines and dyes.
• Prussian Blue was discovered by a chemist who mixed potash with iron sulfate, creating a vibrant blue dye.
• The color was initially called Berlin Blue and later became known as Prussian Blue due to its use in dying the uniforms of the Prussian army.
• Depending on one’s perspective, calling it Prussian Blue was either a term of endearment or a term of disparagement.

The Process of Creating Blueprints

• The color Prussian blue, used in old blueprints, was discovered to be photo-reactive by John Herschel in 1842.
• The process of creating blueprints using Prussian blue involves producing blue ferric ferrocyanide, made from iron salts and cyanide.
• The process of creating blueprints involves exposing a treated paper to light, resulting in the paper turning blue everywhere except where lines were placed, creating a photo-like image.
• Prussian Blue was created as a reverse negative image of a regular ink drawing on blue paper, resulting in a gorgeous blue color, also known as Prussian blue.

Evolution of Blueprint Technology

• The architectural blueprint process using Prussian Blue was labor-intensive and eventually replaced by more efficient methods.
• Other processes, such as diazo white print and zero graphic copiers, replaced the use of Prussian Blue in architectural plans.
• The digital revolution in print technology made the use of Prussian Blue obsolete due to cost-effectiveness and efficiency.
• 3D printers for architectural and engineering plans have become more affordable, functioning like larger-sized printers.
• Pen plotters, a contraption with multiple pens drawing on separate papers, have been modernized and computerized, making copies while drawing.
• Plotters are used for cutting out designs from computer files, showcasing automation at work even for small businesses.
• The Deazza print, while initially fading in sunlight after a few months, is not recommended for long-term use due to its impermanence.
• The impermanence of the Deazza print has been highlighted by archivists, prompting the need for a more permanent solution.

Summary

Origins and Creation of Prussian Blue

Prussian Blue, a vibrant blue color, was accidentally created by alchemist Johann Conrad Dippel and die maker Deesbach while working on medicines and dyes. Initially known as Berlin Blue, it gained its name Prussian Blue due to its use in dying the uniforms of the Prussian army. The color was both endearing and disparaging, depending on one’s perspective.

The Process of Creating Blueprints

John Herschel discovered that Prussian blue was photo-reactive, leading to its use in creating blueprints. The process involves producing blue ferric ferrocyanide from iron salts and cyanide. By exposing treated paper to light, a photo-like image is created, with the paper turning blue everywhere except where lines were placed. This reverse negative image technique results in the iconic Prussian blue color.

Evolution of Blueprint Technology

While Prussian Blue was widely used in architectural blueprints, it was eventually replaced by more efficient methods such as diazo white print and zero graphic copiers. With the digital revolution, the use of Prussian Blue became obsolete as cost-effective and efficient technologies emerged. 3D printers and computerized pen plotters revolutionized the industry, offering affordable and automated solutions. However, the impermanence of the Deazza print has prompted the search for more permanent alternatives.

Conclusion

The story of Prussian Blue and its role in blueprints showcases the intersection of art, science, and technology. From its accidental creation to its use in architectural plans, Prussian Blue has left a lasting impact. As technology continues to evolve, the blueprint process has become more efficient and accessible. However, the quest for permanence and innovation in blueprint technology continues, ensuring that the legacy of Prussian Blue lives on in modern applications.