Stuff You Should Know – Revenge: Bitter, Not Sweet

Intro

In this episode of “Stuff You Should Know,” the hosts explore the concept of revenge, challenging traditional ideas about it and delving into the science and studies behind it. They discuss the evolutionary instinct of revenge found in the animal kingdom and how it is ingrained in human DNA. The episode also examines the emotional component of revenge and its impact on individuals and society. Join the hosts as they uncover the complexities of revenge and its consequences.

Main Takeaways

Revenge and Evolution

• Revenge is an evolutionary instinct found extensively in the animal kingdom.
• Tigers have engaged in acts that can be described as revenge, such as tracking down and killing a poacher who shot and stole their kill.
• Retaliatory aggression is ingrained in human DNA and was important for punishing non-cooperative behavior in hunter-gatherer groups, thus allowing for cooperation and the growth of civilization.

The Science of Revenge

• The feelings of revenge take place in the dorsal striatum, the same part of the brain that controls the reward system.
• German psychologist Mario Goldvizza’s studies suggest that seeing the person who wronged you suffer can restore emotional balance.
• Science has found that revenge doesn’t actually provide long-term relief.

The Consequences of Revenge

• Carrying out acts of revenge can have negative consequences.
• Revenge can lead to a cycle of retaliation that can result in death.
• Getting revenge may not be as satisfying as we think it will be.

Revenge in Society

• Revenge is a linchpin of society, as consequences for transgressions are necessary to prevent cheating and violence.
• Institutions such as court and justice systems externalize revenge instincts and serve justice on behalf of society.
• Cultures with a history of weak law enforcement are more prone to engage in revenge.

The Psychology of Revenge

• Seeking revenge may fulfill you temporarily but may also make you feel worse about yourself in the long run.
• Studies have found that actively seeking revenge or ruminating on negative thoughts can lead to extended negative feelings.
• Understanding the reason for suffering is important for revenge to be satisfying.

Summary

Revenge and Evolution

Revenge is an evolutionary instinct that can be observed in both animals and humans. Tigers, for example, have been known to track down and kill poachers who have harmed them. This instinct is ingrained in human DNA and was crucial for punishing non-cooperative behavior in early societies, allowing for the development of cooperation and civilization.

The Science of Revenge

The feelings of revenge are associated with the dorsal striatum, the part of the brain responsible for the reward system. German psychologist Mario Goldvizza’s studies suggest that seeing the person who wronged you suffer can restore emotional balance. However, science has found that revenge doesn’t actually provide long-term relief and can have negative consequences.

The Consequences of Revenge

While revenge may seem satisfying in movies, carrying out acts of revenge in reality can lead to negative consequences. Revenge can escalate into a cycle of retaliation, potentially resulting in death. Additionally, getting revenge may not bring the expected satisfaction and can leave individuals feeling worse afterward.

Revenge in Society

Revenge plays a crucial role in society as it serves as a deterrent for transgressions. Consequences for wrongdoing are necessary to prevent cheating and violence. Institutions such as court and justice systems externalize revenge instincts and serve justice on behalf of society. Cultures with weak law enforcement may be more prone to engage in revenge.

The Psychology of Revenge

Seeking revenge may provide temporary fulfillment but can ultimately lead to negative feelings about oneself. Studies have shown that actively seeking revenge or dwelling on negative thoughts can prolong negative emotions. Understanding the reason for suffering is crucial for revenge to be satisfying. It’s important to consider alternative approaches, as revenge may not bring long-term happiness.

Conclusion

Revenge is a complex and deeply ingrained instinct in both animals and humans. While it may seem satisfying in theory, carrying out acts of revenge can have negative consequences and may not provide long-term relief. Understanding the evolutionary and psychological aspects of revenge can help individuals navigate their emotions and consider alternative approaches for personal growth and happiness.