In this episode of “99% Invisible,” titled “Model Village,” the focus is on the design of environments for people with dementia. The podcast explores the history of dementia care in the Western world, the negative perceptions associated with the disease, and the emergence of dementia-friendly design. It highlights the Hogo-Wike in the Netherlands as a model village that prioritizes the needs and autonomy of dementia patients. The episode also discusses the changing perception of dementia and the importance of treating people with dignity and respect.
In the Western world, dementia care has historically been unstimulating and medicalized. Patients were often locked away in hospital-like environments, subjected to harsh conditions and physical restraints. However, a new movement is emerging that focuses on designing environments where people with dementia can live as normally as possible until the end. This movement aims to improve the quality of life for dementia patients and challenge the negative perceptions associated with the disease.
The Hogo-Wike in the Netherlands serves as a model for dementia-friendly design. It is personalized, human-centered, and accommodating to the specific needs of dementia patients. The design of the Hogo-Wike prioritizes minimizing visual confusion through natural lighting and uniform surfaces. It is a village specifically created for people with advanced dementia, providing a recognizable environment that does not resemble a place of sickness and death. The architectural concept of rings of privacy allows residents to interact with passing strangers and friends, fostering a sense of community and engagement. The design also emphasizes a lifestyle approach, ensuring a safe built environment and daily life pleasures.
The perception of dementia has evolved over time, largely due to the work of Dr. Robert Butler. Previously seen as an inevitable part of aging, dementia is now recognized as a disease. Dr. Butler’s advocacy and research on ageism and Alzheimer’s disease led to increased funding and awareness. However, stigma surrounding dementia still persists, resulting in mistreatment and a lack of dignity for those with the disease. It is crucial to challenge these negative perceptions and prioritize the well-being and autonomy of people with dementia.
The design of environments for people with dementia plays a significant role in their quality of life and well-being. The Hogo-Wike in the Netherlands serves as an exemplary model for dementia-friendly design, emphasizing personalization, human-centeredness, and accommodation of specific needs. By challenging negative perceptions and prioritizing dignity and autonomy, we can create spaces that promote engagement, community, and a sense of normalcy for people with dementia.